Elsevier

Dental Abstracts

Volume 61, Issue 5, September–October 2016, Page e135
Dental Abstracts

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Antimicrobials in dental restorations

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.denabs.2016.05.051Get rights and content

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Background

In dental caries the dental tissues are demineralized in response to acids produced by multispecies biofilm through the degradation of fermentable carbohydrates. The pH decrease on the tooth surface causes a loss of dental mineral structure. The main bacteria responsible for this tissue loss are mutans streptococci. Diet has an important role in the process of acidifying the biofilm by providing the carbohydrate fuel. Once restorations are placed to repair the cavitated site, there is a risk

Methods

MEDLINE via PubMed was searched for articles published between 1980 and November 2014 that met the inclusion criteria. The 147 articles selected included 130 in vitro studies, 1 in situ study, 4 in vivo studies, and 12 literature reviews. The articles documented a total of 605 experiments.

Results

Antimicrobials were incorporated into ionomer cements in 24.8% of the experiments, into adhesives in 23.3%, into composite resins in 18.2%, and into dentinal primers in 12.1%. A total of 21.7% of the experiments tested compomers, polycarboxylate and zinc oxide cements, silver amalgam, and liners.

The antimicrobials used most often were 12-methacryloyloxydo-decylpyridinium bromide (MDPB), chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX), and silver nanoparticle (NAg), collectively used in 48.4% of the studies. In

Discussion

Bacterial viability was reduced by all of the antimicrobial substances tested and under all of the conditions of the tests. The materials were able to release the antimicrobial agents into the aqueous environment and inhibit bacterial growth. However, the evaluations were done in most cases after a very short period of time. Since restorations are designed to be in place in the oral cavity for a long time, this short-term inhibition of bacterial growth may not have any clinical relevance.

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do Amaral GS, Negrini T, Maltz M, et al: Restorative materials containing antimicrobial agents: Is there evidence for their antimicrobial and anticaries effects? A systematic review. Austral Dent J 61:6-15, 2016

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